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孕激素对子宫内膜的影响之一:萎缩期表现

2012-12-15 01:06 阅读(6031) 评论(8) 分类:病理学习

 

“Diagnosis of Endometrial Biopsies and Curettings”,这本书看了有七十多天了,眼看着该书已接近尾声,而我也一直试图想把书上的内容用于临床上,但真的好难。直到最近一周,遇上两个病例,才让我有点茅塞顿开,感受到了知识化为实践的喜悦,学问真是不亏待人呀。一例是病人长期服用孕激素引起的子宫内膜变化;一例是子宫内膜复杂性增生,伴有非典型增生。虽然很简单,但还是想记录下一点看书的心得,“孕激素对子宫内膜的影响之一——萎缩期表现”。


Morphologic features of progestin effects.
孕激素作用下子宫内膜的组织学特征
1、Decidual (pregnancy-like) effects (蜕膜样表现)
(1)Abundant tissue, often polypoid (组织丰富,常呈息肉样)
(2)Glands show marked secretory activity (腺体有显著的分泌活性)
(3)Stroma appears decidualized with lymphoid infiltrate (子宫内膜间质呈蜕膜样,伴有淋巴细胞浸润)
(4)Vascular ectasia (血管扩张)
2、Secretory effects (分泌期表现)
(1)Moderate to sparse amount of tissue (中等到少量的组织)
(2)Mildly tortuous secretory glands lined by columnar cells (轻度扭曲的分泌状态的腺体被覆柱状上皮)
(3)Stromal cells plump, oval (predecidual) (子宫内膜间质细胞呈肥胖、卵圆形(蜕膜前的改变))
(4)Vascular ectasia (血管扩张)
3、Atrophic effects (萎缩期表现)
(1)Sparse tissue (组织稀疏) 
(2)Glands small and atrophic, not coiled (腺体小和萎缩,没有盘绕扭曲)
(3)Variable amount of stroma with plump to spindleshaped cells (不同数量的子宫内膜间质细胞呈肥胖和梭形)
 
Atrophic Pattern
 萎缩期表现

The atrophic pattern represents the other end of the spectrum of progestin effect, in which the endometrium is hypoplastic. This pattern evolves following prolonged progestin therapy or with continued use of contraceptive hormones. The glands atrophy, although they continue to show weak secretory changes. The glands lose their tortuosity and are small and tubular with scant to absent luminal secretions (Fig. 6.7). The epithelium is low columnar with basal nuclei and a small amount of pale cytoplasm. (Fig 6.6.)
萎缩表现代表着孕激素作用下的另一种形态学改变,即子宫内膜是发育不全的。这种表现可以在长期使用孕激素治疗或持续使用避孕激素的情况下发生。虽然腺体会有弱的分泌期改变,但是腺体是萎缩的。腺体失去了扭曲的形态,而呈小管样,管腔分泌物罕见(图6.7)。腺上皮低柱状,细胞核位于基底部,胞浆少量。(图6.6)。

When the progestin dose is low, the stromal cells remain mildly enlarged with a small amount of discernible cytoplasm but lose their decidua-like appearance. Instead, they are plump and ovoid with only a moderate amount of cytoplasm. Cell borders become indistinct, and stromal mitoses are not found. Vascular channels beneath the surface epithelium become ectatic. In contrast to the physiologic atrophy pattern of the postmenopausal endometrium, progestin-induced atrophy often has more abundant stroma while the glands become tiny and indistinct.
当孕激素剂量很低的时候,子宫内膜间质细胞轻度增大,胞浆少量,无蜕膜样外观。反之,即孕激素剂量高的时候,子宫内膜间质细胞呈肥胖和卵圆形,胞浆中度。细胞界限模糊,间质细胞的核分裂罕见。表面上皮下方的血管扩张。与绝经后生理性萎缩的子宫内膜相比,孕激素诱导的子宫内膜萎缩,间质细胞丰富,而腺体微小并且界限不清。
孕激素对子宫内膜的影响之一:萎缩期表现
图6.6。 孕激素作用,分泌期表现。分泌期腺体发育不良,子宫内膜间质细胞丰富但无蜕膜样改变。表面上皮下方可见到一些扩张的小静脉。腺体和间质细胞并非正常排卵后的分泌期阶段的组织学表现。该病人口服避孕药。
孕激素对子宫内膜的影响之一:萎缩期表现
图6.7。 孕激素作用,萎缩期表现。小的萎缩的腺体缺乏分泌期改变,子宫内膜间质细胞呈梭形。这些肥胖的间质细胞,胞浆中等量,这一点和缺乏雌激素引起的萎缩性子宫内膜相鉴别。这种组织学表现常见于持续口服避孕药的女性。

 

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